A level biology edexcel topic 6 notes teaching resources. When the glucose level is decreased in the body, the liver breaks down fats to respire for energy, when the body is out of fats, it starts respiring proteins from the muscles to release energy. It is a method to provide immunity to the larger population against a certain disease which can spread easily or are prevalent in a huge population. It has a basic recognition function for many bacteria, can alert and recruit. For immunity, you need to know 3 types of white blood cell. The immune system targets foreign materials and pathogens. Apr 08, 2015 cambridge international as and a level biology is ideal for learners who want to study biology or a wide variety of related subjects at university or to follow a career in science. Guidance and diagrams to support a level biology taching. Immunity for a level biology free download as powerpoint presentation. Steps your body takes to protect you from pathogens. The response this time is quick enough to not let the person fall ill due to infection. Created for the ocr specification but suitable for most. A cell is the smallest unit that can carry on all the processes of life.
The best biology o level notes o and a level notes. Vasodilation increases the local blood flow area becomes red, warm. Cells were first seen in dead plant tissue1665 by robert hooke who named them after monks cells in a monastery, and living cells were first observed by leeuwehoek a few years later using a primitive microscope. As biology notes 2015 all in one here is a pdf file with as biology notes 2015 for you to download. It can be seen with a light microscope lm but many of the structures within a cell organelles can only be. Cie a level biology revision notes made for the cie cambridge international examination exam board. We cover all the relevant topics in the specification below. Apart from this, there also exists another type of immunity acquired immunity. Lecture notes cellular and molecular immunology health. Please like and share and click on a advert to help with the hosting costs. Vaccines can induce immunity injecting deadweakened pathogens into the bloodstream, which will help you to form the necessary memory cells. Includes notes, peer tasks, labelling tasks and exam questions with answers. These lecture notes accompany my lectures on immunology in the study module.
A website mainly aimed at students studying alevel biology covers genetics, cells, biochemistry, enzymes, ecology, environment, photosynthesis, respiration, heart. Adaptive immunity active and passive occurs slower and is more specific. Biology revision a level biology revision edexcel a level biology revision guide a level biology revision notes a level biology revision notes pdf a level biology textbook pdf a level biology year 1 as aqa exam. Immune system is the system of animal body which protects it from various pathogens. They carry out what is termed antibodymediated immunity. Immunity and the immune system is a topic that students do find hard. Aqa as level biology unit 1 question packs part 2 aqa a2 level biology unit 4 question packs part 2 aqa a2 level biology unit 5 question packs part 2.
Greetings emma, congrats for this marvelous job indeed. Increased permeability allows escape of tissue fluid into the tissues. Jan 21, 20 so your immune response will be as slow as the first one. The chemical defense mechanism of host organism that operates against such effects of parasites and others is called immune. This is everything you need to know for module 6 of the snab biology course. Immunity is the ability of an individual host to resists development of disease and allergy even after having received an infective dose of the pathogen with complete virulence and the various allergens. The syllabus includes the main theoretical concepts which are fundamental to the subject, a section on some current applications of biology, and a strong emphasis on advanced practical skills. Please note that the scheme of assessment has changed since 2005. Ocr a level biology revision notes aqa gcse biology 8461 paper 2 7th june 2019 exam discussion. Survival, in the cool economics of biology, means simply the persistence of ones own genes in the generations to follow.
In this case burden refers to disease caused by microorganisms or their toxic products. This is when the immune system comes into contact with a live or strong strain of thepathogen and develops its. As biology unit 1 page 2 hgs biology alevel notes ncm711 biology unit 1 specification biochemistry biological molecules biological molecules such as carbohydrates and proteins are often polymers and are based on a small number of chemical elements. This covers all the topics and modules for all specifications including 9700. This type of immune response is to defend against pathogens that may invade host cells. Notes made straight to the specification with the specification points written in.
Active adaptive immunity involves cellmediated immunity, tcells, and humoral immunity bcells. May 17, 2017 a2 biology notes 20162018 all in one here is a pdf file with a2 level biology notes 20162018 cambridge international for you to download. Nov 06, 2017 immunity and the immune system is a topic that students do find hard. My son was struggling with gcse revision and being a typical boy his desire to stay inside and study was not too high on the. Freely browse and use ocw materials at your own pace. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. These have been made according to the specification and cover all the relevant topics in the syllabus for examination in mayjune as well as octobernovember and march. Histamine is released into the wound by white cells. Nonspecific immunity an innate reaction that acts as a general response against all kinds of pathogens a. All organisms are made of cells, organisms are made of several organ systems, each organ system contains several organs, each organ contains several tissues. Cell mediated immune response is carried out by the tcells or t lymphocytes fig. Brief revision guide to immune system and immune system. As level biology 1011 infectious diseases and immunity arm punyathorn.
Immune system is the system of animal body which protects it from various pathogens infectious agentsallergens and cancer. Cie a level biology 9700 cambridge international as and a level biology builds on the skills acquired at cambridge igcse or equivalent level. Acquired immunity is the immunity that our body gains over time, similar to how an. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Cells are very tiny they could be seen only through a microscope. This is where all a level resources will be published. Biology notes form 3 pdf biology form 3 questions and. May 09, 2020 detailed, high level revision notes for the topics 5 infection, immunity and forensics of the edexcel a level biology specification a snab, with 8 pages of typed up notes, with diagrams and flowcharts to illustrate key ideas and processes. Therefore immunity is defined as the state of resistance or in susceptibility to disease caused by particular microorganisms or their toxic products. A level biology revision edexcel a level biology revision guide a level biology revision notes a level biology revision notes pdf a level biology textbook pdf a level biology year 1 as aqa exam questions by topic a level edexcel notes a biology aerobic. Cummins 7 may 05, 20 induced immunity is the ability to resist disease by producing antibodies caused by specific antigens. Dec 06, 2018 a more indepth explanation of the sequence of events of a primary immune response, discussing the activation of t cells by antigen presenting cells, generat. Blymphocytes have the job of carrying out immunity work once they have been modified into plasma cells. Here is a pdf file with all biology notes for you to download.
Proteins have a variety of functions within all living organisms. Has the ability to repair itself, to fight off attacking microorganisms and adapt to a variety of situations often time microorganisms enter the body and attempt to infect the body causing a disease a disease is a condition where an organism experiences impaired function often with detrimental symptoms. Fibrous proteins are made of long molecules arranged to form fibres e. For each of the papers below, there are revision notes, summary sheets, questions from past exam papers separated by topic and other worksheets.
View archive a levels past papers all in one 20012014. The pdf files for separate chapters are also available. These cells do not actually bind themselves to a foreign particle or body like the tcells. Aqa as level biology unit 1 question packs part 3 the. Neet biology human health and diseases pdf concepts notes. Globular proteins are made of chains folded into a compact structure. Content for topic 6 can appear in two of the three a level papers paper 1, or the synoptic paper 3. Vocabulary infection invasion by foreign organisms such as viruses, fungi, bacteria immunity long term resistance to reinfection by organisms previously encountered antigens any material that elicits an immune response 3. Immunity can be defined as the capacity to recognise the intrusion of material foreign to the body and to mobilise cells and cell products to remove that sort of foreign material with great speed and effectiveness. Feel free to get in touch with us using our contact form. Biology notes form 2 pdf biology form 2 questions and.
A2 biology notes 20162018 all in one here is a pdf file with a2 level biology notes 20162018 cambridge international for you to download. Jan 31, 2018 this is a fully resourced revision lesson on immunity and antibodies for as biology. Bcells, once converted into plasma cells, produce and secrete antibodies. Antigens substances that are foreign to the body usually proteins present on the surfaces of whole organisms like bacteria or viruses or on parts of organisms like pollen. Immune system structure and functions freelance clinical microbiologist. Revision notes designed for as and a level biology students. Detailed, highlevel revision notes for the topics 5 infection, immunity and forensics of the edexcel a level biology specification a snab, with 8 pages of typed up notes, with diagrams and flowcharts to illustrate key ideas and processes. A more indepth explanation of the sequence of events of a primary immune response, discussing the activation of t cells by antigen presenting cells, generat. This is where all as level resources will be published.
Sbe, pan, hbv also result in activation, but plasma clevels normal. If youre ready to pass your alevel biology exams, become a. Uses blymphocytes produced in the bone marrow, where they also mature. Now, we all know about innate immunity or natural immunity that we inherit from our parents. Biology notes for igcse 2014 all in one biology notes.
Tlymphocytes only respond to antigens that are attached to a body cell. Neet biology human health immunity chapter notes immunity is the ability of an individual host to resists development of disease and allergy even after having received infective dose of pathogen with complete virulence and the various allergens. Get biology as and a level notes here at my new website. Cell division cell types cell ultrastructure enzymes fast, specific catalysts gene technology genes, dna, rna large molecules plasma. Biology notes for igcse 2014 all in one biology notes for. Energy and respiration photosynthesis homeostasis coordination inherited change selection and evolution. Click on the popout button on the upper right corner of the pdf file to have full view or click here to download. Several helices may be wound around each other to form very strong fibres. As biology teacher 2 page 5 hgs biology alevel notes ncm715 cells cell theory all living things are made of cells. The below mentioned article provides notes on immune system. This person is now immune to a disease or has immunity to certain pathogen or disease. This increases vasodilation and increases vascular permeability.
Start studying aqa alevel biology immunity and disease. Both use lymphocytes produced from stem cells in the bone marrow. There are two systems of immunity in mammals, cellmediated immune response and humoral immune response. Complete a level biology notes cambridge international as and a level biology builds on the skills acquired at cambridge igcse or equivalent level.
Reservoir the place where the pathogen is usually found. This video is taking a brief look at the topic of immunity, and specifically the production of antibodies via lymphocytes. The best biology as and a level notes, revision guides, tips and websites compiled from all around the world at one place for your ease so you can prepare for your tests and examinations with the satisfaction that you have the best resources available to you. And above all, thanks a lot for sharing it with us. Igcse biology revision syllabus 10 diseases and immunity. Remember that specific immunity requires clonal selection and clonal expansion and that each b and t lymphocyte has one shape of receptor on the surface which is complementary to only one antigen. Immunity for a level biology humoral immunity immune. Immunology and public health course notes calderglen high. An immune response is a twoway assault on a pathogen the cell mediated immune response and the humoral immune response. Im not a biology student i never quite did well in biology may be because i didnt have your notes lol i want to ask you for permission to use your notes only one pdf to create an interactive ebook which i assure you will not be used for commercial purposes nor profit making, etc. This type of response is called cellmediated immunity. These lecture notes accompany my lectures on immunology in the study module infection, immunology and allergology at innsbruck medical university. This is a fully resourced revision lesson on immunity and antibodies for as biology. Ocr a level biology revision notes aqa gcse biology 8461 paper 2 7th june 2019 exam discussion aqa gcse combined trilogy biology 8464 paper 1 14th may 2019.
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